Mission Country Date Type Success/Failure mode ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Mars 1 USSR 1962 Flyby Lost contact just before flyby Mariner 3 US 1964 Flyby Shroud separation failure Zond 2 USSR 1964 Lander? Lost contact in mid-flight Mariner 4 US 1964 Flyby SUCCESS Unknown USSR 1969 Flyby 2 Russian Launch failures Mariner 6 US 1969 Flyby SUCCESS Mariner 7 US 1969 Flyby SUCCESS Mariner 8 US 1971 Orbiter Launch failure Mariner 9 US 1971 Orbiter SUCCESS Unknown USSR 1971 Orbiter Launch failure Mars 2 USSR 1971 Lander Parachuted into dust storm Mars 3 USSR 1971 Lander ditto Viking I US 1975 Orbiter/Lander SUCCESS Viking II US 1975 Orbiter/Lander SUCCESS Phobos I USSR 1988 Phobos Lander Failed (unk.) Phobos II USSR 1988 Phobos Lander Failed (unk.) Mars Observer US 1990 Orbiter Fuel line rupture on insertion Mars '96 Ru/ESA 1996 Orb/Lan/Pen/Rov Launch failure Mars Pathfinder US 1997 Lander SUCCESS Mars Glob. Sur. US 1997 Orbiter SUCCESS Nozomi Japan 1998 Orbiter Fuel use err-might arrive 2003 Mars Clim. Orb US 1999 Orbiter Prob. destroyed on insertion
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